Region is a broad term, because it really doesn’t matter what country coffee is grown in. No country grows The Best coffee, however the region where it’s grown can in-fact impact the taste; depending on it’s biodiversity and weather conditions.
Biodiversity
The surrounding plant life is important for the quality of soil. If coffee is grown in rows similar to corn, there will be no shade from the sun, so the coffee will grow quicker and spend less time developing flavor. Farmers will fix this by growing shade trees, such as bananas, to lengthen the growing season. Coffee can also grow next to citrus trees, cocoa trees, and avocado trees. All of these promote a biodiverse farm that will lead to better soil, and better tasting coffee.
Weather
Coffee production can also be assisted or stunted by rainfall, wind, and natural disasters. A year with little rainfall can reduce the value of crops from the whole region. However cool winds can decrease the speed of growth which is good for flavor. Natural disasters, like a volcanic eruption, are a give-and-take. It might destroy a farmer’s crop, however will leave healthier soil for years to come.